Griffin, David.  “Evil and the Two Types of Efficient Causation.”  (Unpubl.)

Abstract

Although coercive causation can exist between aggregates, causation is non-coercive or persuasive when it involves individuals and their relationships.  God, who is conceived as an individual entity or series of such, in process theology, relates to individual entities in terms of persuation.  This conception of God solves the traditional problems of the relationship God, evil and freedom.  [This essay is a response to Madden and Hare’s article.  “Evil and Persuasive Power.”]